Golconda was once a region famous for its diamond mines. Today, Golconde gems are among the most sought after by connoisseurs and collectors. Despite the uniqueness of Golconda diamonds, due to their ancient cut, they have never been fully studied, and until now have only been discussed from the perspective of specific pieces or periods. This book fills that editorial gap by providing an in-depth study of the geography, history of the region, gemmology, and mythology built around these diamonds. It also focuses on the region's most famous gems, those in major public and private collections, as well as on pieces that have disappeared.